Espécies de animais

Insects, spiders, scorpions, amphibians, lizards, snakes and turtles are the animal groups most commonly kept in terrariums. We'll give you tips on how to keep these animals, and to make the information easier to find, subdivide them not in rainforest and desert animals, but in the groups mentioned above. Although this is not systematically correct biologically, it will make your job easier.

Insects and myriapods

Although the insect group is huge, only a few species are regularly found in the terrarium. Even amongst the myriapods (millipedes, centipedes, and others) there are few species that are regularly kept. Both groups of animals are suitable for beginners. Only scolopendra are better left to the expert because of their toxicity!

Myriapods / millipedes (in the order of Julidae)

Millipedes live in rainforests on damp soil.

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Scolopendra

Scolopendra, centipedes of the family Scolopendridae, are aggressive predators with a length up to 25 cm.

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Louva-a-deus

Praying mantises are fascinating creatures with an incredible variety of forms and species (2300 species).

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Leaf insects and stick insects

With over 2500 species, these quirky insects are widespread.

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Arachnids

Spiders & scorpions

Unlike the insects, all arachnids have not 6, but 8 legs. They have most of their nerve cells in their legs, so you could say they think with their legs! Spiders and scorpions are ideal for smaller terrariums. Extreme caution is required with some of them because of their toxicity. Please also remember that terrariums with poisonous animals should be secured with a lock ( JBL TerraSafe ). Spiders and scorpions do not require UV-A and B proportions in their lighting. They need light to generate heat but no UV radiation ( JBL ReptilJungle Daylight 24W , JBL SOLAR REPTIL JUNGLE T8 , JBL ReptilDay Halogéneo , JBL LED SOLAR NATUR , JBL Reptil LED Daylight 12W ).

Tarântulas (Theraphosidae)

The most popular spider group must be the tarantulas, which are also considered to be peaceful pets by the indigenous people of South America who keep them and let their children play with them (the spiders probably don’t like this much, but they tolerate it).

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Escorpiões

Scorpions are very interesting terrarium inhabitants and not difficult to keep.

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Amphibians

Amphibians, also known as caudata and anura, can be fascinating terrarium inhabitants, and they are enormously attractive both in terms of colour and behaviour. Caudata (salamanders, newts, axolotls) can easily get used to substitute food, while frogs (anura) eat only live food such as flies and so on. This needs to be considered from the start when choosing your animals.

Axolotes

Axolotls are very primitive and cute creatures whose body form has never developed from a larval stage with gills.

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Tritões

Although newts live predominantly in the water, they also need a land section in the terrarium.

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Poison dart frogs (dendrobates)

Poison dart frogs, also called dart-poison frogs or poison arrow frogs, are certainly among the most colourful terrarium dwellers.

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Red-eyed treefrog (Agalychnis callidryas)

This must be one of the most beautiful frogs in the world and it comes from Central America.

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Clawed frogs (Xenopus)

These frogs, which originated in Africa, live exclusively in the water and prefer calm waters with no current.

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Lizards

The lizards form an extremely diverse group of animals that has populated almost all habitats with the exception of the world’s ice regions. Only very few species are herbivores which can be fed without animal live food. Please give careful thought to the size of the terrarium you select. Many lizards are very large and need a lot of space. Climbing species require high terrariums, while ground dwellers need a lot of floor space. Aggression within the species can be extremely pronounced (eg in chameleons).

Central (or inland) bearded dragon (Pogona vitticeps)

Although these agamas need a terrarium size of at least 150 cm in length, they are among the most popular lizards of all.

They quickly become very trusting and eat out of your hand. Agamids, which can grow up to 60 cm long, are among the few species of lizards, which (apart from live food such as house crickets, crickets, grasshoppers) mainly eat vegetable food, such as JBL Iguvert , salad, vegetables (no cabbage!), dandelion and flowers. Daytime temperatures in their dry terrarium should be between 30 and 35 ° C with a humidity of 30-40 %. At night, the temperatures need to be lowered significantly and the humidity should rise to about 60 %. The ideal stock is one male and two females. A suitable substrate is JBL TerraSand amarela natural , often mixed with clay. The height of the substrate ought to be 15-20 cm, because the animals like to dig. Wood and stones are often welcome as a basking spot. Bearded dragons need a lot of light, heat and UV and therefore require light sources to supply these. The best lighting are LUW spotlights, which offer all three features ( JBL ReptilDesert L-U-W Light alu (Lâmpada especial para utilização na manutenção de répteis! Não adequada para outras utilizações! Etiqueta energética desnecessária. Derrogação prevista no Regulamento Delegado (UE) 2019/2015 da Comissão, Anexo IV 3. c) Fontes de luz ultravioleta > 2 mW/klm) ). But also well positioned UV spotlights can also be used ( JBL UV-Spot plus (Lâmpada especial para utilização na manutenção de répteis! Não adequada para outras utilizações! Etiqueta energética desnecessária. Derrogação prevista no Regulamento Delegado (UE) 2019/2015 da Comissão, Anexo IV 3. c) Fontes de luz ultravioleta > 2 mW/klm) ). Important are spots to retreat, so that the animals can also visit cooler areas. Please note that, when using heating mats like JBL TerraTemp Esteira de aquecimento , to create cooler areas, these must never be placed under the entire surface of the terrarium. A drinking bowl ( JBL ReptilBar CINZENTO ), is important to guarantee they are getting enough liquid.

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Spiny-tailed lizard (Uromastyx species)

These Agamas live in desert regions of North Africa and reach 30-40 cm in length.

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Beaver-tailed agamas (Xenagama species)

These African highland lizards, which don’t grow larger than 15-20 cm, are becoming increasingly popular as their terrariums only need a length of 100 cm.

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Chameleons (Chamaelo and Furcifer species)

It’s impossible to classify chameleons in one group.

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Anolis species

Anolis species are very popular smaller lizards from the rainforests of Central America and the Caribbean Islands.

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Collared lizards (Crotaphytus collaris, C. bicinctores)

Only 25-30 cm in length, they are one of the smaller iguana species.

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Green iguana (Iguana iguana)

At a length of 2 m green iguanas are very impressive to look at and they need a correspondingly large terrarium with at least 2 x 2 x 2 m.

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Common chuckwalla (Sauromalus obesus)

Chuckwallas live in rocky regions of North America’s desert areas with corresponding daytime temperatures between 30 and 40 ° C.

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Geckos (Gekkota)

Geckos are very popular terrarium dwellers, but they inhabit very different biotopes.

The leopard gecko, for example, lives in the Near East’s desert regions. In contrast, the tokay geckos and the day geckos of Madagascar live in rainforests. So accordingly the terrariums need to be designed differently. Leopard and other desert geckos need at least 120x80 cm of floor space with about 40-50 cm of height for the rock constructions. A sand-clay mixture ought to be used as substrate. The perfect substrate is JBL TerraSand natural-vermelho , which is also well suited for digging species. All rock constructions need to be secured with an adhesive ( JBL PROHARU UNIVERSAL ) to prevent them from collapsing. Keep the daytime temperatures at 28-32 ° C and the night temperatures at 20-24 ° C. The ideal humidity is 40-60 % during the day and 60-80 % at night. When setting up hiding places, you need to consider that each animal needs its own den. Since leopard geckos are nocturnal, UV-producing lighting is not necessary. You can simulate night lighting with blue light. A UV and heat-generating lamp during the day, such as JBL ReptilDesert L-U-W Light alu (Lâmpada especial para utilização na manutenção de répteis! Não adequada para outras utilizações! Etiqueta energética desnecessária. Derrogação prevista no Regulamento Delegado (UE) 2019/2015 da Comissão, Anexo IV 3. c) Fontes de luz ultravioleta > 2 mW/klm) is not a problem and automatically leads to a temperature reduction after it is switched off in the evening. A drinking bowl ( JBL ReptilBar CINZENTO ), is important to ensure their liquid supply. Leopard geckos predatorily feed on baby mice, insects and beetles. Mealworms and waxworms should not be fed too often because of their high fat content.

For rainforest inhabiting species such as Madagascar's day geckos a smaller floor area of approximately 90 x 90 cm, but a greater height of 120 cm of the terrarium is recommended. This allows the animals enough climbing opportunities on (smooth) wood and plants. A sand-clay mixture as a substrate and a daytime temperature at 25-30 ° C are appropriate. At night, the temperature may be lowered to 18-24 ° C. The humidity should be 50-90 %. Day geckos feed mainly on insects, but also eat fruit pulp and fruit nectar. LUW spotlights are the best lighting source to provide light, heat and UV ( JBL ReptilJungle L-U-W Light alu (Lâmpada especial para utilização na manutenção de répteis! Não adequada para outras utilizações! Etiqueta energética desnecessária. Derrogação prevista no Regulamento Delegado (UE) 2019/2015 da Comissão, Anexo IV 3. c) Fontes de luz ultravioleta > 2 mW/klm) ). But well positioned UV spotlights can also be used ( JBL UV-Spot plus (Lâmpada especial para utilização na manutenção de répteis! Não adequada para outras utilizações! Etiqueta energética desnecessária. Derrogação prevista no Regulamento Delegado (UE) 2019/2015 da Comissão, Anexo IV 3. c) Fontes de luz ultravioleta > 2 mW/klm) ). Since the animals can climb along almost every surface, heat protection screens for the lamps are a must ( JBL TempProtect II light ). Despite regular spraying a drinking bowl is necessary.

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Skinks (Scincomorpha)

With over 1000 species the skinks are the lizard group with the most species.

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Monitor lizards (Varanus)

The 3 m long Komodo dragon must be the best known representative of this lizard group.

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Snakes

The fascinating group of snakes is incredibly diverse. It has everything - from almost 10 m long constrictors to 1 m long nonpoisonous colubrids to deadly venomous species. In the case of venomous species, securing the terrarium doors with a lock ( JBL TerraSafe ) is absolutely necessary! All snakes are predatory feeders. Many of them can be fed well with dead animals (e.g. mice or chicks). Some species like to hunt small fish & frogs, others insects and some species are very hard to get used to dead food. This needs to be clear to anyone interested in snakes. The contents of your freezer may need to change accordingly.

Depending on the habitat you'll need to build a dry, semi-dry or even a humid terrarium. A 3 m long boa constrictor imperator needs a terrarium with the dimensions 200 x 100 x 200 cm. Except for desert species, a bathing pool ( X JBL ReptilBar ) pool is almost always recommended.

The bath water must be clean - either by filter or by daily renewal. For larger baths the JBL internal filter series JBL CristalProfi i is very well suited (for bathing pools up to 110 litres e.g. the JBL CRISTALPROFI i80 greenline ). It is best to use a water conditioner ( JBL Biotopol T ) to bind any existing pollutants such as heavy metals. Care should be taken when using climbing opportunities to ensure good anchorage and screw connection to the branches. Snakes have enormous physical strengths and can bring almost any decoration down. This also applies to rock constructions in desert terrariums, which need to be well inter-connected with a non-toxic adhesive ( JBL PROHARU UNIVERSAL ). The type of substrate depends on the snake species being kept. For many of them, such as pythons and colubrids JBL TerraBasis is well suited. Very large constrictors prefer coarser substrates like JBL TerraCoco coconut chips. But also beech wood shavings, such as JBL TerraWood are very popular with boas and pythons. For desert snakes JBL TerraSand amarela natural is mostly used. Since most snakes are day-active, lighting with UV content is a must. With the help of metal halide lamps JBL ReptilDesert L-U-W Light alu (Lâmpada especial para utilização na manutenção de répteis! Não adequada para outras utilizações! Etiqueta energética desnecessária. Derrogação prevista no Regulamento Delegado (UE) 2019/2015 da Comissão, Anexo IV 3. c) Fontes de luz ultravioleta > 2 mW/klm) and the JBL UV-Spot plus (Lâmpada especial para utilização na manutenção de répteis! Não adequada para outras utilizações! Etiqueta energética desnecessária. Derrogação prevista no Regulamento Delegado (UE) 2019/2015 da Comissão, Anexo IV 3. c) Fontes de luz ultravioleta > 2 mW/klm) the right UV-A and B supply is always ensured. Even for nocturnal species such as the green tree python, UV radiation is important because the decrease in UV radiation in the evening is the start of its activity time and it receives a lot of UV radiation during the daytime during its resting phase in the treetops. It is vital to research the living conditions of your own snake species.

Constrictors

Virtually all constrictors come from forest biotopes.

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Colubrids

Most colubrid species are nonpoisonous and because of their small size very well suited for terrariums.

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Vipers, pit vipers, elapids and back-fanged snakes (Boiginae)

Only about 10% of all snake species are poisonous and we need to differentiate between their toxicity. A species can indeed have an extremely strong poison, but injects only a small amount (sea snakes) or have a less toxic poison which is injected in large quantities.

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Tartarugas

Turtles and tortoises have reached most biotopes: the sea, the land, the swamps and the fresh water, and the terrarium design needs to be adapted accordingly. When buying juveniles people often forget the size the animals will reach when fully grown and which terrarium size will then be needed. They also tend to forget the high ages they can reach!

Tartarugas terrestres

Tortoises are the most common terrarium animals ever.

They are especially popular with children. Most species can be kept as a couple or as a group. A male with several females is ideal. The gender distinction can be very easily be determined by the tail‘s shape and its length. Unfortunately, tortoises are often kept in too small terrariums. Although a Hermann's tortoise (Testudo hermanni) only grows to a size of 20 cm (length of shell), it needs a terrarium with a surface area of 4-5 square metres for their well-being. The side walls need to be 60 cm high and a cover is recommended too. As a substrate sand-clay mixtures ( JBL TerraSand natural-vermelho & clay) or sand-soil mixtures ( JBL TerraSand natural-vermelho ) & ( JBL TerraBasis ) are suitable. Stones and cork are well suited as decorations and hideouts. Stones need to be firmly glued together to prevent slipping ( JBL PROHARU UNIVERSAL ). It is a good idea to lay out part of the floor with red sandstone. There, the claws of the tortoises get naturally scuffed. A drinking and bathing bowl ( JBL ReptilBar COR DE AREIA ) in a suitable size is very welcome. The shell care can be done with JBL Brilho para tartarugas . Since tortoises are true sun worshipers, heat and UV-emitting lighting is absolutely vital. Metal halide lamps are ideal ( JBL ReptilDesert L-U-W Light alu (Lâmpada especial para utilização na manutenção de répteis! Não adequada para outras utilizações! Etiqueta energética desnecessária. Derrogação prevista no Regulamento Delegado (UE) 2019/2015 da Comissão, Anexo IV 3. c) Fontes de luz ultravioleta > 2 mW/klm) ) or UV spotlights ( JBL UV-Spot plus (Lâmpada especial para utilização na manutenção de répteis! Não adequada para outras utilizações! Etiqueta energética desnecessária. Derrogação prevista no Regulamento Delegado (UE) 2019/2015 da Comissão, Anexo IV 3. c) Fontes de luz ultravioleta > 2 mW/klm) ). Be sure to observe the recommended distance between the lamp and the animal. For the diet of tortoises JBL Herbil has been developed as a staple food. For a change you can feed them with JBL Agivert which can be supplemented with hay, fresh herbs, grasses and vegetables. Tomatoes, bananas, cabbage, citrus fruit and carnal food are not suitable!

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Tartarugas aquáticas e palustres

The active little juveniles inspire everyone who sees them.

Most turtles are not very difficult to keep, but it’s quite possible they will reach a size of 30 cm! Then the aqua-terrarium needs a size of at least 120 x 50 x 50 cm. Keep the water level in the water section as high as the shell of the turtle is long. Good filtering with a large-volume external filter ( JBL CRISTALPROFI e702 greenline ) is useful to keep the water clean and to prevent the need for constant cleaning, but avoid a strong current. The water temperature needs to be around 25 ° C. But the animals also tolerate lower and higher temperatures. Unfortunately, turtles are repeatedly set free in the local wild. They can certainly survive, but they are invasive species which displace the native ones!!! As a substrate for the water part any substrate that is not sharp-edged ( JBL Manado , JBL Sansibar RIVER ) is suitable. At night, the temperatures can drop, because most species we keep are not from the tropics! In addition to the water section, a land section is very important. There is often a large piece of cork ( JBL Cortiça ), where the animals can go to bask. A land section with sand, where egg deposition is possible, is better. For lighting, a heat and UV-emitting lamp is recommended. Metal halide lamps are ideal, like the JBL ReptilDesert L-U-W Light alu (Lâmpada especial para utilização na manutenção de répteis! Não adequada para outras utilizações! Etiqueta energética desnecessária. Derrogação prevista no Regulamento Delegado (UE) 2019/2015 da Comissão, Anexo IV 3. c) Fontes de luz ultravioleta > 2 mW/klm) . Even if the animals do not live in the desert, a "desert lighting" is useful, as the full sunlight and not a muted jungle light reaches the turtles on the river bank. Their diet is simple and there is a wide choice of foods available: JBL Alimento para tartarugas as staple food, supplemented by JBL Agil food sticks, JBL Gammarus with gammarus crustaceans, JBL Energil (dried fish), JBL Calcil with healthy calcium and JBL ProBaby , as well as JBL Rugil for young turtles.

Turtles like to eat plants! Therefore, adding aquatic plants to the terrarium is a losing battle. Please feed your turtles regularly with aquatic plants, dandelion and duckweed. Adult turtles need more plant food than younger animals. It’s no problem to keep turtles in small groups. A male with several females is ideal. The gender distinction can be very easily be determined by the tail‘s shape and its length.

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Espécies de animais